Effective Task Scheduling in C# Using the Round Robin Algorithm

 One popular scheduling technique in computer science, particularly in operating systems, is the round robin algorithm. It is made to work with time-sharing systems in which every process is given a set time slice or quantum, guaranteeing that every process receives an equal amount of CPU time. When there are several processes that must be carried out without starving, this method works especially well. This article will examine the Round Robin algorithm, comprehend its fundamentals, and demonstrate its implementation in C# with a real-world use case.

Round Robin Algorithm

The round-robin algorithm is a preemptive scheduling algorithm that cycles through all processes in the ready queue in a circular order. Each process is given a fixed time slice during which it can execute. If a process is not complete within its time slice, it is moved to the end of the queue, and the CPU scheduler picks the next process in line. This cycle continues until all processes are completed. The main advantage of the round-robin algorithm is its simplicity and fairness, as each process gets an equal opportunity to execute.

Key Features of Round Robin Algorithm

1. Time Quantum: A fixed time slice assigned to each process.
2. Preemption: The algorithm allows processes to be preempted and moved to the end of the queue.
3. Fairness: Ensures all processes get an equal share of CPU time.
4. Simple Implementation: Easy to implement and understand.

Round Robin Algorithm in C#

To implement the Round Robin algorithm in C#, we will follow these steps:

1. Define a class to represent a process.
2. Implement a method to simulate the Round Robin scheduling.
3. Test the implementation with a practical use case example.

Step 1. Process Representation

Define a Process class to represent each process in the system. This class will have properties such as Process ID, Burst Time, and Remaining Time.

public class Process
{
    public int ProcessID { get; set; }
    public int BurstTime { get; set; }
    public int RemainingTime { get; set; }

    public Process(int processID, int burstTime)
    {
        ProcessID = processID;
        BurstTime = burstTime;
        RemainingTime = burstTime;
    }
}

Step 2. Round Robin Scheduling

Implement a method to simulate the Round Robin scheduling. This method will take a list of processes and a time quantum as input and simulate the execution of processes based on the Round Robin algorithm.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class RoundRobinScheduler
{
    public static void Schedule(List<Process> processes, int timeQuantum)
    {
        int time = 0;
        Queue<Process> readyQueue = new Queue<Process>(processes);

        while (readyQueue.Count > 0)
        {
            Process currentProcess = readyQueue.Dequeue();
            if (currentProcess.RemainingTime <= timeQuantum)
            {
                time += currentProcess.RemainingTime;
                Console.WriteLine($"Process {currentProcess.ProcessID} completed at time {time}");
                currentProcess.RemainingTime = 0;
            }
            else
            {
                time += timeQuantum;
                currentProcess.RemainingTime -= timeQuantum;
                readyQueue.Enqueue(currentProcess);
                Console.WriteLine($"Process {currentProcess.ProcessID} executed for {timeQuantum} units; remaining time: {currentProcess.RemainingTime}");
            }
        }
    }
}

Step 3. Practical Use Case Example

We will create a sample use case to demonstrate the round-robin algorithm. We will define a list of processes with varying burst times and execute them using our round-robin scheduler.

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        List<Process> processes = new List<Process>
        {
            new Process(1, 10),
            new Process(2, 4),
            new Process(3, 5),
            new Process(4, 7)
        };

        int timeQuantum = 3;

        Console.WriteLine("Round Robin Scheduling:");
        RoundRobinScheduler.Schedule(processes, timeQuantum);
    }
}

Step 4. Output

 

Conclusion

A straightforward yet effective scheduling technique that guarantees equitable CPU time distribution among activities is the round robin method. A time-sharing system where every process has an equal chance to run can be simulated by using the Round Robin algorithm in C#. An outline of the Round Robin algorithm, its salient characteristics, and a real-world use case example illustrating its use were presented in this article. Designing effective and equitable scheduling systems for a range of applications can be facilitated by comprehending and utilizing the Round Robin algorithm.

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